Multi-physics Simulation in Battery and Supercapacitor: A Comprehensive Review
Keywords:
Doyle-Fuller-Newman (DFN), Equivalent Circuit Models (ECMs), Renewable energy, State of Charge (SoC), Lithium-ion batteriesAbstract
This review investigates the pivotal role of computational and multi-physics simulation in addressing the fundamental challenges associated with modern energy storage technologies, particularly lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors. These challenges include system complexity, performance degradation, thermal constraints, and safety limitations under demanding operating conditions. The study systematically examines the principal modeling approaches employed in the literature, ranging from low-complexity Equivalent Circuit Models (ECMs) to high-fidelity physics-based electrochemical models such as the Doyle-Fuller-Newman (DFN) framework, in addition to coupled thermal models. The distinct simulation requirements of batteries and supercapacitors are highlighted based on their differing energy storage mechanisms. Multi-physics simulation is shown to provide powerful predictive capabilities, enabling accurate estimation of state of charge and state of health, improved thermal management strategies, and accelerated design optimization. By reducing reliance on costly experimental prototyping, simulation significantly shortens the development cycle while enhancing device safety, efficiency, and operational lifespan. This review emphasizes the indispensable role of integrated modeling approaches in advancing next-generation energy storage systems.
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