International Journal of Mobile and Cloud Systems Engineering (e-ISSN: 3108-3315)

Summarization of Legal Texts: A Review of Approaches, Challenges, and Applications in Judicial Analysis

Archana Kale, Krutika Londhe — Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The rapid expansion of digital legal information, including court judgments, regulatory notices, and compliance documents, has increased the need for automatic summarization techniques in legal technology. Legal text summarization focuses on condensing extensive, domain-specific materials into concise, coherent, and legally accurate representations to assist judges, lawyers, and regulatory professionals in making faster and more informed decisions. However, the nature of legal writing, which involves specialized terminology, interconnected references, and context-dependent phrasing, presents challenges that are not commonly encountered in general-domain summarization. This review examines major advancements in legal text summarization research published between 2019 and 2025, covering neural extractive methods, abstractive architectures, and hybrid frameworks that incorporate domain knowledge. Evaluation metrics such as ROUGE, BLEU, and BERTScore are discussed together with benchmark datasets developed across multiple jurisdictions. The study highlights key limitations, including the scarcity of annotated legal datasets, multilingual challenges, and concerns related to factual consistency in transformer-based models. It also discusses applications of summarization in improving accessibility of legal information and supporting judicial analysis workflows. The review concludes by emphasizing the importance of transparent, domain-adapted, and reliable summarization systems that achieve an effective balance between precision, interpretability, and efficiency.

Intelligent Edge-Cloud Architecture for Ultra-Low Latency Real-Time Remote Musical Collaboration

Rittwik Mahmud — Sat, 30 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This work explores the design and implementation of an intelligent edge-cloud architecture to enable ultra-low latency real-time remote musical collaboration. In distributed musical environments, maintaining precise timing and synchronization is critical, as even minor delays can negatively impact performance quality. Conventional cloud-centric systems often struggle to meet these strict latency requirements due to centralized processing, longer transmission paths, and network variability. To overcome these challenges, this study proposes a hybrid framework that combines the strengths of edge computing and cloud-based coordination. In the proposed architecture, edge nodes are strategically deployed near users to perform delay-sensitive operations such as audio capture, preprocessing, mixing, and temporary buffering. This localized processing significantly reduces round-trip communication time. The cloud layer complements this by managing global synchronization, coordinating multiple participants, and applying intelligent algorithms for latency prediction and compensation. Additionally, an adaptive network control mechanism dynamically optimizes routing paths and bandwidth allocation to maintain consistent performance under varying network conditions. The system was evaluated through a series of experiments involving multiple users, high-resolution audio streams, and mixed network environments, including 5G and fiber connections. Key performance indicators such as end-to-end latency, jitter, packet loss, and synchronization accuracy were measured and analyzed. The results indicate that the proposed solution achieves an average latency of approximately 15 milliseconds, which falls within the acceptable threshold for real-time musical interaction. Furthermore, improvements in synchronization stability and reduction in packet loss were observed compared to traditional approaches. Overall, this work demonstrates that integrating edge intelligence with cloud capabilities provides an effective and scalable solution for real-time collaborative applications, particularly in latency-sensitive domains such as remote music performance.

UAV-Enabled Smart Metering for Smart Cities: A Review

Qutaiba I. Ali, Mustafa Qassab — Sat, 17 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0000

With a focus on improving urban efficiency, sustainability, and human well-being, smart cities are rapidly emerging as a result of the convergence of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) alongside the Internet of Things (IoT). One of the key drivers of a smart city is the concept of Smart Metering Infrastructure (SMI) as it provides intelligent data collection, monitoring, and control. This article covers the concepts of smart metering, its fundamental elements comprising Smart Meters (SMs), Data Management Centers (DMCs), and communication networks utilizing technologies such as Bluetooth, Zigbee, 6LoWPAN, Wi-Fi, and WiMAX, and its use in smart city applications. Security and privacy concerns are examined using the CIA triad framework (Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability), in addition to accountability requirements and policy implications for data protection. Furthermore, the research investigates the integration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for enhanced operational efficiency in smart city applications such as health monitoring, firefighting, Search and Rescue (SAR) operations, and surveillance. Performance analysis reveals that UAVs achieved detection rates exceeding 90% in search and rescue scenarios, while COVID-19 detection systems effectively covered 2 km² areas in approximately ten minutes. Despite these benefits, there are some limitations like high implementation costs, scalability, and data security that remain significant barriers to widespread adoption. The study concludes by identifying future research directions, including the development of adaptive regulatory frameworks, the enhancement of interoperability standards, and the establishment of robust security mechanisms to ensure the seamless deployment of smart metering systems in evolving urban environments.