https://matjournals.net/engineering/index.php/IEPR en-US Innovation in Economy & Policy Research https://matjournals.net/engineering/index.php/IEPR/article/view/415 <p><em>New Public Administration, NPA is of theoretical terminological usage enhancing bureaucratic modalities of government institutions. It tends to provide diverse administrative services to the general populace via the application of public policies. The concept of the NPA or NPA theory involves: Democratic citizenship that invariably posits the doctrine of formulating a government in which every person irrespective of status has a participatory impact in politics. To achieve this, it is pertinent for citizens to be informed, aware, knowledgeable, and active in communities and nations of their abode or origin. The NPA emerged as a 1970s movement to tackle the challenges, constraints, demands and opportunities of the public sector research in the economy and sustainable development. Its emphasis is for public administrators to be not merely managers but, also to inculcate and incorporate citizen participation and responsiveness into work and performance to make public administration increasingly democratic and efficient. The difference between the old public administration, PA and NPA is that public administration is the implementation of government policies. Nowadays, public administration comprises certain responsibilities to determine the policies and programmers of governments. Precisely, PA, also known as government administration encompasses the planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling of operations in government and governance.</em></p> Chrysanthus Chukwuma Sr Copyright (c) 2024 Innovation in Economy & Policy Research 2024-05-09 2024-05-09 7 16 https://matjournals.net/engineering/index.php/IEPR/article/view/134 <p>One significant problem that still plagues India's economy is unemployment. Numerous nations have benefited from the contributions of startups, which are essential to National Innovation Systems (NISs) and sustainable growth. According to recent studies, India requires about 100 million jobs annually. Despite their modest size, startups are crucial to the creation of jobs in India. When more jobs are created that generates more income for people and subsequently improves the economy of the country. In the current technological environment, engineering graduates have an advantage when the topic is pertinent to startups. Engineers are capable of rapid growth, possess a solid technical understanding, and have the power to change the world. In the engineering curriculum, the introduction of additional training on entrepreneurship along with technical subjects can help to acquire the skills and know-how supplements to turn their start-up ideas into reality.</p> Priyanka Handa Bhupinder Singh Poonam Mehta Rupinder Kaur Copyright (c) 2024 Innovation in Economy & Policy Research 2024-02-22 2024-02-22 1 6